ISACA CCOA Valid Exam Notes | Exam CCOA PDF

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ISACA CCOA Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Cybersecurity Principles and Risk: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers core cybersecurity principles and risk management strategies. It includes assessing vulnerabilities, threat analysis, and understanding regulatory compliance frameworks. The section emphasizes evaluating risks and applying appropriate measures to mitigate potential threats to organizational assets.
Topic 2	Technology Essentials: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the foundational technologies and principles that form the backbone of cybersecurity. It includes topics like hardware and software configurations, network protocols, cloud infrastructure, and essential tools. The focus is on understanding the technical landscape and how these elements interconnect to ensure secure operations.
Topic 3	Incident Detection and Response: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and focuses on detecting security incidents and responding appropriately. It includes understanding security monitoring tools, analyzing logs, and identifying indicators of compromise. The section emphasizes how to react to security breaches quickly and efficiently to minimize damage and restore operations.
Topic 4	Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Cybersecurity Analyst and covers the tactics, techniques, and procedures used by adversaries to compromise systems. It includes identifying methods of attack, such as phishing, malware, and social engineering, and understanding how these techniques can be detected and thwarted.
Topic 5	Securing Assets: This section of the exam measures skills of a Cybersecurity Specialist and covers the methods and strategies used to secure organizational assets. It includes topics like endpoint security, data protection, encryption techniques, and securing network infrastructure. The goal is to ensure that sensitive information and resources are properly protected from external and internal threats.

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ISACA CCOA Valid Exam Notes | Amazing Pass Rate For Your CCOA: ISACA Certified Cybersecurity Operations Analyst | Exam CCOA PDF

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ISACA Certified Cybersecurity Operations Analyst Sample Questions (Q131-Q136):

NEW QUESTION # 131
An employee has been terminated for policy violations.Security logs from win-webserver01 have been collectedand located in the Investigations folder on theDesktop as win-webserver01_logs.zip.
Create a new case in Security Onion from the win-webserver01_logs.zip file. The case title is WindowsWebserver Logs - CCOA New Case and TLP must beset to Green. No additional fields are required.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution in Explanation.
Explanation:
To create a new case inSecurity Onionusing the logs from the win-webserver01_logs.zip file, follow these detailed steps:
Step 1: Access Security Onion
* Open a web browser and go to yourSecurity Onionweb interface.
URL: https://<security-onion-ip>/
* Log in using yourSecurity Onioncredentials.
Step 2: Prepare the Log File
* Navigate to theDesktopand open theInvestigationsfolder.
* Locate the file:
win-webserver01_logs.zip
* Unzip the file to inspect its contents:
unzip ~/Desktop/Investigations/win-webserver01_logs.zip -d ~/Desktop/Investigations/win-webserver01_logs
* Ensure that the extracted files, including System-logs.evtx, are accessible.
Step 3: Open the Hunt Interface in Security Onion
* On the Security Onion dashboard, go to"Hunt"(or"Cases"depending on the version).
* Click on"Cases"to manage incident cases.
Step 4: Create a New Case
* Click on"New Case"to start a fresh investigation.
Case Details:
* Title:
Windows Webserver Logs - CCOA New Case
* TLP (Traffic Light Protocol):
* Set toGreen(indicating that the information can be shared freely).
Example Configuration:
Field
Value
Title
Windows Webserver Logs - CCOA New Case
TLP
Green
Summary
(Leave blank if not required)
* Click"Save"to create the case.
Step 5: Upload the Log Files
* After creating the case, go to the"Files"section of the new case.
* Click on"Upload"and select the unzipped log file:
~/Desktop/Investigations/win-webserver01_logs/System-logs.evtx
* Once uploaded, the file will be associated with the case.
Step 6: Verify the Case Creation
* Go back to theCasesdashboard.
* Locate and verify that the case"Windows Webserver Logs - CCOA New Case"exists withTLP:
Green.
* Check that thelog filehas been successfully uploaded.
Step 7: Document and Report
* Document the case details:
* Case Title:Windows Webserver Logs - CCOA New Case
* TLP:Green
* Log File:System-logs.evtx
* Include anyinitial observationsfrom the log analysis.
Example Answer:
A new case titled "Windows Webserver Logs - CCOA New Case" with TLP set to Green has been successfully created in Security Onion. The log file System-logs.evtx has been uploaded and linked to the case.
Step 8: Next Steps for Investigation
* Analyze the log file:Start hunting for suspicious activities.
* Create analysis tasks:Assign team members to investigate specific log entries.
* Correlate with other data:Cross-reference with threat intelligence sources.

NEW QUESTION # 132
Which of the following is the MOST effective approach for tracking vulnerabilities in an organization's systems and applications?

A. Implement regular vulnerability scanning and assessments.
B. Track only those vulnerabilities that have been publicly disclosed.
C. Walt for external security researchers to report vulnerabilities
D. Rely on employees to report any vulnerabilities they encounter.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Themost effective approach to tracking vulnerabilitiesis to regularly performvulnerability scans and assessmentsbecause:
* Proactive Identification:Regular scanning detects newly introduced vulnerabilities from software updates or configuration changes.
* Automated Monitoring:Modern scanning tools (like Nessus or OpenVAS) can automatically identify vulnerabilities in systems and applications.
* Assessment Reports:Provide prioritized lists of discovered vulnerabilities, helping IT teams address the most critical issues first.
* Compliance and Risk Management:Routine scans are essential for maintaining security baselines and compliance with standards (like PCI-DSS or ISO 27001).
Other options analysis:
* A. Wait for external reports:Reactive and risky, as vulnerabilities might remain unpatched.
* B. Rely on employee reporting:Inconsistent and unlikely to cover all vulnerabilities.
* D. Track only public vulnerabilities:Ignores zero-day and privately disclosed issues.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:
* Chapter 6: Vulnerability Management:Emphasizes continuous scanning as a critical part of risk mitigation.
* Chapter 9: Security Monitoring Practices:Discusses automated scanning and vulnerability tracking.

NEW QUESTION # 133
The network team has provided a PCAP file withsuspicious activity located in the Investigations folderon the Desktop titled, investigation22.pcap.
What date was the webshell accessed? Enter the formatas YYYY-MM-DD.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution in Explanation.
Explanation:
To determine thedate the webshell was accessedfrom theinvestigation22.pcapfile, follow these detailed steps:
Step 1: Access the PCAP File
* Log into the Analyst Desktop.
* Navigate to theInvestigationsfolder on the desktop.
* Locate the file:
investigation22.pcap
Step 2: Open the PCAP File in Wireshark
* LaunchWireshark.
* Open the PCAP file:
mathematica
File > Open > Desktop > Investigations > investigation22.pcap
* ClickOpento load the file.
Step 3: Filter for Webshell Traffic
* Since webshells typically useHTTP/Sto communicate, apply a filter:
http.request or http.response
* Alternatively, if you know the IP of the compromised host (e.g.,10.10.44.200), use:
nginx
http and ip.addr == 10.10.44.200
* PressEnterto apply the filter.
Step 4: Identify Webshell Activity
* Look for HTTP requests that include:
* Common Webshell Filenames:shell.jsp, cmd.php, backdoor.aspx, etc.
* Suspicious HTTP Methods:MainlyPOSTorGET.
* Right-click a suspicious packet and choose:
arduino
Follow > HTTP Stream
* Inspect the HTTP headers and content to confirm the presence of a webshell.
Step 5: Extract the Access Date
* Look at theHTTP request/response header.
* Find theDatefield orTimestampof the packet:
* Wireshark displays timestamps on the left by default.
* Confirm theHTTP streamincludes commands or uploads to the webshell.
Example HTTP Stream:
POST /uploads/shell.jsp HTTP/1.1
Host: 10.10.44.200
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
Date: Mon, 2024-03-18 14:35:22 GMT
Step 6: Verify the Correct Date
* Double-check other HTTP requests or responses related to the webshell.
* Make sure thedate fieldis consistent across multiple requests to the same file.
2024-03-18
Step 7: Document the Finding
* Date of Access:2024-03-18
* Filename:shell.jsp (as identified earlier)
* Compromised Host:10.10.44.200
* Method of Access:HTTP POST
Step 8: Next Steps
* Isolate the Affected Host:
* Remove the compromised server from the network.
* Remove the Webshell:
rm /path/to/webshell/shell.jsp
* Analyze Web Server Logs:
* Correlate timestamps with access logs to identify the initial compromise.
* Implement WAF Rules:
* Block suspicious patterns related to file uploads and webshell execution.

NEW QUESTION # 134
An insecure continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline would MOST likely lead to:

A. browser compatibility Issues.
B. security monitoring failures.
C. software Integrity failures.
D. broken access control.

Answer: C

Explanation:
An insecure CI/CD pipeline can lead to software integrity failures primarily due to the risk of:
* Code Injection:Unauthenticated or poorly controlled access to the CI/CD pipeline can allow attackers to inject malicious code during build or deployment.
* Compromised Dependencies:Automated builds may incorporate malicious third-party libraries or components, compromising the final product.
* Insufficient Access Control:Without proper authentication and authorization mechanisms, unauthorized users might modify build configurations or artifacts.
* Pipeline Poisoning:Attackers can alter the pipeline to include vulnerabilities or backdoors.
Due to the above risks, software integrity can be compromised, resulting in the distribution of tampered or malicious software.
Incorrect Options:
* B. Broken access control:This is a more general web application security issue, not specific to CI/CD pipelines.
* C. Security monitoring failures:While possible, this is not the most direct consequence of CI/CD pipeline insecurities.
* D. Browser compatibility Issues:This is unrelated to CI/CD security concerns.
Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:
Refer to Chapter 6, Section "DevSecOps and CI/CD Security", Subsection "Risks and Vulnerabilities in CI
/CD Pipelines" - Insecure CI/CD pipelines can compromise software integrity due to code injection and dependency attacks.

NEW QUESTION # 135
An organization has received complaints from a number of its customers that their data has been breached.
However, after an investigation, the organization cannot detect any indicators of compromise. The breach was MOST likely due to which type of attack?

A. Supply chain attack
B. injection attack
C. Man-in the-middle attack
D. Zero-day attack

Answer: A

Explanation:
Asupply chain attackoccurs when a threat actor compromises athird-party vendoror partner that an organization relies on. The attack is then propagated to the organization through trusted connections or software updates.
* Reason for Lack of Indicators of Compromise (IoCs):
* The attack often occursupstream(at a vendor), so the compromised organization may not detect any direct signs of breach.
* Trusted Components:Malicious code or backdoors may be embedded intrusted software updatesor services.
* Real-World Example:TheSolarWinds breach, where attackers compromised the software build pipeline, affecting numerous organizations without direct IoCs on their systems.
* Why Not the Other Options:
* B. Zero-day attack:Typically leaves some traces or unusual behavior.
* C. injection attack:Usually detectable through web application monitoring.
* D. Man-in-the-middle attack:Often leaves traces in network logs.
CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:
* Chapter 6: Advanced Threats and Attack Techniques:Discusses the impact of supply chain attacks.
* Chapter 9: Incident Response Planning:Covers the challenges of detecting supply chain compromises.

NEW QUESTION # 136
......

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ISACA CCOA Valid Exam Notes | Exam CCOA PDF

ISACA CCOA Exam Syllabus Topics:

ISACA CCOA Valid Exam Notes | Amazing Pass Rate For Your CCOA: ISACA Certified Cybersecurity Operations Analyst | Exam CCOA PDF

ISACA Certified Cybersecurity Operations Analyst Sample Questions (Q131-Q136):

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