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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13) Sample Questions (Q480-Q485):

NEW QUESTION # 480
DHCP snooping is a great solution to prevent rogue DHCP servers on your network. Which security feature on switchers leverages the DHCP snooping database to help prevent man-in-the-middle attacks?

A. Layer 2 Attack Prevention Protocol (LAPP)
B. Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)
C. Port security
D. Spanning tree

Answer: B

Explanation:
Dynamic ARP inspection (DAI) protects switching devices against Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) packet spoofing (also known as ARP poisoning or ARP cache poisoning).
DAI inspects ARPs on the LAN and uses the information in the DHCP snooping database on the switch to validate ARP packets and to protect against ARP spoofing. ARP requests and replies are compared against entries in the DHCP snooping database, and filtering decisions are made based on the results of those comparisons. When an attacker tries to use a forged ARP packet to spoof an address, the switch compares the address with entries in the database. If the media access control (MAC) address or IP address in the ARP packet does not match a valid entry in the DHCP snooping database, the packet is dropped.

NEW QUESTION # 481
Mike, a security engineer, was recently hired by BigFox Ltd. The company recently experienced disastrous DoS attacks. The management had instructed Mike to build defensive strategies for the company's IT infrastructure to thwart DoS/DDoS attacks. Mike deployed some countermeasures to handle jamming and scrambling attacks. What is the countermeasure Mike applied to defend against jamming and scrambling attacks?

A. Disable TCP SYN cookie protection
B. Implement cognitive radios in the physical layer
C. Allow the transmission of all types of addressed packets at the ISP level
D. Allow the usage of functions such as gets and strcpy

Answer: B

Explanation:
Jamming and scrambling are attacks targeting the physical layer of the OSI model, often affecting wireless communication by generating interference to disrupt signal transmission. To mitigate such attacks, one advanced countermeasure is the use of Cognitive Radios.
According to CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Cognitive radios are intelligent radio systems capable of sensing the radio frequency (RF) environment and dynamically adjusting their operating parameters (e.g., frequency, modulation) to avoid interference and jamming.
* They enable dynamic spectrum access and help in improving spectrum efficiency and resilience against jamming.
* This approach falls under physical-layer security mechanisms.
Incorrect Options:
* A. gets and strcpy are unsafe functions vulnerable to buffer overflow, not relevant to DoS protection.
* B. Allowing all types of packets increases risk and is not a mitigation.
* D. TCP SYN cookies protect against SYN flood attacks and disabling them weakens security.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Courseware:
Module 10: Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attacks
Section: "Defensive Strategies Against Jamming and DoS Attacks"
Subsection: "Physical Layer Countermeasures"

NEW QUESTION # 482
Daniel Is a professional hacker who Is attempting to perform an SQL injection attack on a target website.
www.movlescope.com. During this process, he encountered an IDS that detects SQL Injection attempts based on predefined signatures. To evade any comparison statement, he attempted placing characters such as ''or
'1'='1" In any bask injection statement such as "or 1=1." Identify the evasion technique used by Daniel in the above scenario.

A. Char encoding
B. IP fragmentation
C. Null byte
D. Variation

Answer: D

Explanation:
One may append the comment "-" operator along with the String for the username and whole avoid executing the password segment of the SQL query. Everything when the - operator would be considered as comment and not dead.
To launch such an attack, the value passed for name could be 'OR '1'='1' ; - Statement = "SELECT * FROM 'CustomerDB' WHERE 'name' = ' "+ userName + " ' AND 'password' = '
" + passwd + " ' ; "
Statement = "SELECT * FROM 'CustomerDB' WHERE 'name' = ' ' OR '1'='1';- + " ' AND 'password' =
' " + passwd + " ' ; "
All the records from the customer database would be listed.
Yet, another variation of the SQL Injection Attack can be conducted in dbms systems that allow multiple SQL injection statements. Here, we will also create use of the vulnerability in sure dbms whereby a user provided field isn't strongly used in or isn't checked for sort constraints.
This could take place once a numeric field is to be employed in a SQL statement; but, the programmer makes no checks to validate that the user supplied input is numeric.
Variation is an evasion technique whereby the attacker can easily evade any comparison statement. The attacker does this by placing characters such as "' or '1'='1'" in any basic injection statement such as "or 1=1" or with other accepted SQL comments.
Evasion Technique: Variation Variation is an evasion technique whereby the attacker can easily evade any comparison statement. The attacker does this by placing characters such as "' or '1'='1'" in any basic injection statement such as "or 1=1" or with other accepted SQL comments. The SQL interprets this as a comparison between two strings or characters instead of two numeric values. As the evaluation of two strings yields a true statement, similarly, the evaluation of two numeric values yields a true statement, thus rendering the evaluation of the complete query unaffected. It is also possible to write many other signatures; thus, there are infinite possibilities of variation as well. The main aim of the attacker is to have a WHERE statement that is always evaluated as "true" so that any mathematical or string comparison can be used, where the SQL can perform the same.

NEW QUESTION # 483
In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary file into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the Ripper. The brute force method is slow but exhaustive. If you use both brute force and dictionary methods combined to vary words, what would you call such an attack?

A. Hybrid
B. Thorough
C. Full Blown
D. BruteDics

Answer: A

Explanation:
A hybrid attack combines the benefits of both dictionary and brute-force attacks. It takes words from a dictionary and applies modifications such as:
* Appending or prepending numbers or symbols
* Changing case (e.g., admin # Admin1!)
* Leetspeak substitutions (e.g., p@ssw0rd)
From CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Module 6: Malware Threats
* Topic: Password Cracking Methods
CEH v13 Study Guide states:
"A hybrid attack is a combination of dictionary and brute-force techniques. It takes dictionary words and mutates them to cover common variations, making it more effective than pure dictionary attacks." Incorrect Options:
* A/B/D: These are not standard terminology in cryptographic or password auditing literature.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 6: Hybrid Attack TechniquesOWASP Password Attack Cheat Sheet

NEW QUESTION # 484
Mirai malware targets IoT devices. After infiltration, it uses them to propagate and create botnets that are then used to launch which types of attack?

A. MITM attack
B. Password attack
C. DDoS attack
D. Birthday attack

Answer: C

Explanation:
The Mirai malware primarily targets Internet of Things (IoT) devices with weak or default credentials. Once infected, these devices become part of a botnet that the attacker controls remotely. The primary use of Mirai botnets is to perform Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks.
* DDoS attacks flood a target (server, application, or network) with massive traffic, overwhelming resources and causing service outages.
* Mirai gained infamy after being used in large-scale DDoS attacks, including against DNS provider Dyn, which caused widespread internet outages.
Incorrect Options:
* A. MITM attacks involve intercepting communications.
* B. Birthday attacks are cryptographic hash collision techniques.
* D. Password attacks refer to credential brute-forcing; although Mirai uses default credentials, its main attack vector is DDoS.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Module 18: IoT and OT Hacking
* Section: "IoT Malware"
* Subsection: "Mirai Botnet and Real-World Attacks"
* CEH Engage: IoT Botnet Simulation

NEW QUESTION # 485
......

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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Latest Exam Format, Latest 312-50v13 Test Practice

312-50v13 Latest Exam Format Free PDF | Reliable Latest 312-50v13 Test Practice: Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13)

ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13) Sample Questions (Q480-Q485):

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